For many of us, learning how to do a self-breast exam or self-testicular exam was part of health class in middle school. We were taught the importance of doing this monthly so that we could immediately let our doctor know if anything changed, in an effort to increase early cancer detection. However, for over 15 years, health organizations like U.S. Preventive Services Task Force and the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists no longer recommend these self-exams.
Dr. Mitch Maddox, a family medicine physician in Oklahoma City, explained that “this is due to a lack of evidence that routine self-checks improve outcomes, and because they may lead to unnecessary tests or procedures.” Conversely, they can also provide a false sense of security, as masses may be missed. “Even without formal self-exams, it’s still important to stay familiar with your own body so you can recognize changes and bring them to your healthcare provider’s attention,” Maddox said. Let your doctor know if you notice any skin puckering, masses, nipple discharge or have unexplained skin rashes.
In lieu of self-exams, these health organizations now recommend routine mammograms, beginning at age 40 for those at average risk. Those with a higher risk may also require additional imaging, like an MRI, also performed annually.
But don’t forget about the rest of your body! Routine skin self-checks are important, especially for those with a higher risk of skin cancer. People with fair skin with light hair and eye color may be of higher risk, as well as those with a history of excessive sun exposure or tanning bed use, or a family history of skin cancer. “Self-skin checks can be useful for identifying potentially precancerous or cancerous lesions,” Maddox said. “Learn the ABCDEs of self-skin checks: asymmetry, border irregularity, color variation, diameter and evolution.” If you feel like a mole or freckle has a difference in any of these, schedule an appointment with your dermatologist.
Checking in with your oral health is one that is easy to forget. While it is important for everyone to take a peek inside their mouth regularly, Maddox said that it is especially important that “individuals with a history of tobacco use also monitor for lesions in the mouth, gums, head and neck.” First signs of trouble may include sores, lumps, red or white patches or a change in texture. Use a mirror to externally check your face and neck, then look on the inside of your lips and cheeks. Be sure to stick your tongue out and check all sides of it, and say “ahh” to inspect your palate and the back of your throat. If you notice a new lump or sore that does not heal within two weeks, make an appointment with your dentist.
Maddox suggested keeping tabs on what is normal for you as a unique individual. “Changes that should prompt a visit to your healthcare provider may include changes in bowel or urinary habits, new or changing findings on the skin, hair or nails, unexplained bruising, persistent headaches, fatigue or any symptom that seems new or unusual for you.”
You are your own best advocate when it comes to your health, and being familiar with your own body is a powerful tool.
